1. The reagent preparation room and sample processing room should be under micro-positive pressure in order to prevent the air containing nucleic acid aerosol from entering and causing pollution. The positive pressure effect can be achieved by controlling the air intake volume over the air exhaust volume.

2. The nucleic acid amplification chamber and product analysis chamber should be under a slight negative pressure to prevent the aerosol containing nucleic acid from spreading out to contaminate reagents and samples. The negative pressure effect can be achieved by controlling the exhaust air volume to be larger than the intake air volume.

3. There should be one-way experimental process flow, logistics, people flow and airflow between different regions to form a protective barrier for one-way process, avoid the interference between experiments and prevent the false results of the pollution caused by nucleic acid aerosols in the experimental process.

4. Laboratory walls, including roofs, should have firm structure and good air tightness; all shade corners should be transited by circular arc lines; walls should be smooth, non-adsorptive, corrosion-resistant, easy to clean and disinfect; ground materials should meet the requirements of seamless, leak-free, smooth and corrosion-resistant.